The big ideas
What the levels teach, in grown-up words.
- A number line keeps numbers in order. Every number has its own place, one hop apart. That is why you can find a missing number from its neighbors.
- Adding is hopping forward; taking away is hopping back. 3 + 2 means start on 3 and hop forward 2. 6 − 2 means start on 6 and hop back 2. Where you land is the answer.
- Tens are big hops. To get to 43, take four hops of ten and three hops of one. Adding 13 is one big hop and three little ones.
- Halfway means the same distance from both ends. 35 is five hops from 30 and five from 40. 50 is halfway between 0 and 100.
- Rounding means hopping to the closest ten. 47 is closer to 50 than to 40, so it rounds to 50. A number ending in five is exactly in the middle, and the rule is to round up.